Four phrases consisting of seven-five-syllable verses, used for learning “kana” in the past.
(七五調の韻文から成る四つの句で、「仮名」の学習に用いられました。)
Iroha Uta(いろは歌)
unknown author
作者不詳
Although flowers bloom beautifully, eventually fall apart. If so,
色は匂へど 散りぬるを
who in this world remain unchanged?
我が世誰ぞ(そ) 常ならむ
Since I overcame my painful life today,
有為の奥山 今日越えて
I won’t have or be obsessed with fleeting dreams.
浅き夢見じ 酔ひもせず
(Translation: Narai, Hajime)
(翻訳:楢井 肇)
References(参考)
“Irohauta” (Published from the end of the 10th century to the middle of the 11th century)
『いろは歌』(10世紀末から11世紀中頃成立)
Lyrics: unknown author
作詞:作者不詳
First publication: unknown
初出:不明
Sourcebook: “Obunsha complete translation archaisms dictionary”
底本:『旺文社 全訳古語辞典』
2018年 旺文社
Features(特色)
Familiarity degree | 🗾🗾🗾🗾4.0 | famous |
Shintoism color | 0.0 | N/A |
Buddhism color | 📿📿📿📿4.0 | 常、有為 |
Archaic expressions | 🖌🖌🖌🖌🖌5.0 | an ancient writing |
Poetic expressions | 🖋🖋🖋🖋4.0 | written in seven-five-syllable verses, but also sounds like a magic word |
Notes(備考)
The song was a learning material for learning “kana“, and it corresponds to the current “Japanese syllabary(a i u e o)”.
かつての「仮名」学習用教材で、現在の「五十音(あいうえお)」にあたります。
Hence the basics and the ABC of things in Japanese are called “Iroha“.
転じて、日本語で物事の初歩や基本のことを「いろは」と言います。
Pangram(パングラム)
The song is a Japanese pangram made using all 47 hiragana characters (*) once each.
平仮名47文字(※)全てをそれぞれ1度ずつ使って作られた、日本語のパングラムとなっています。
*The characters are 47 hiragana, excluding “37th: い”, “39th: え”, “48th: う”, and “(relevant to) 51st: ん”, which are duplicated in the Japanese syllabary.
※五十音で重複している「第37位:い」「第39位:え」「第48位:う」と、「51番目(にあたる):ん」を除いた平仮名47文字となります。
Underlying Buddhism concept(根底に宿る仏教の概念)
From Buddism’s point of view, the verse is expressing that the author reached the stage of spiritual awakening and a state of perfect selflessness away from all thoughts.
仏教の観点からは、著者が悟りを開き、無の境地に達したものと受取ることができます。
Kakuban, a priest of the 12th century and the founder of the Shingi Shingon sect, wrote in “Mitsugonshohisyaku” that each of the four verses represents “Shiku-no-ge (Four verses of Gāthā)” in “Daihatsu-nehan-gyō“.
“Shiku-no-ge (Four verses of Gāthā)”(四句の偈)
① all things must pass; all worldly things are impermanent | 諸行無常 |
② the law of arising and ceasing; the law of creation and destruction | 是生滅法 |
③ going beyond life and death and entering Nirvana | 生滅滅已 |
④ freedom from one’s desires (entry into Nirvana) is true bliss | 寂滅為楽 |